Chapter 4: Outdoor Air Environmental Sensors [Arduino Sensors for Everyone]

We work indoors in companies, schools, academies, and spend time outdoors in camping sites, parks, beaches, etc. Whether we know it or not, we are always exposed to air pollutants.

 

 

Contents

 

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Chapter 4: Outdoor Air Environmental Sensors 

 

 

 

 

 

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C401 MQ-131 Ozone Gas Sensor

The MQ-131 sensor measures ozone. Ozone sensors are divided into meteorological ozone sensors that measure ozone leakage in the atmosphere and dissolved ozone sensors that measure ozone dissolved in water.
 

MQ-131 Ozone Gas Sensor [Arduino Sensors for Everyone]

MQ-131 ozone sensor. Ozone is more dangerous than fine dust.
 
Ozone in the troposphere (about 10 km above ground) has strong oxidative power, This can beneficial to humans (sterilization, deodorization, etc.) if the right amount is present. However, ozone produced on the surface has a negative effect on the human body if the concentration is higher than a standard concentration and if repeated exposure occurs. For example, chest pain, cough, nausea, throat irritation, or digestive problems, bronchitis, heart disease, emphysema and asthma deterioration, decreased lung capacity, decreased pulse and blood pressure, and dizziness.

  
Severe levels can cause lung damage, and exposure to the eyes can lead to inflammation. In particular, elderly and children with weak immune systems should be especially careful of outdoor activities on days with high ozone concentrations as they can have difficulty breathing and experience dizziness and chronic diseases in asthma and respiratory organs.

 

 

 

 

 

 

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C402 MQ-7 carbon monoxide (CO) sensor

MQ-7 sensor is a gas sensor that detects carbon monoxide (CO). It is inexpensive and suitable for many applications.

 

MQ-7 Carbon Monoxide Gas Sensor [Arduino Sensors for Everyone]

  
Carbon monoxide is called the "death gas" or "silent killer." This is because carbon monoxide exposure  is difficult to know in the early stages, and inhalation of even a small amount can cause fatal consequences. Once carbon monoxide is inhaled, it binds to hemoglobin instead of oxygen and causes hypoxia. It reduces the oxygen content of the blood and causes permanent brain damage.
 
Even when carbon monoxide exposure is low, healthy people complain of fatigue, and heart disease patients feel chest pain. As exposure increases, symptoms such as angina, vision damage, brain function degradation, disorientation, headache, dizziness, delirium, nausea, consciousness disorder, and flu appear.
 
In particular, people with heart disease can experience pain in the chest area or even heart attack , which is commonly called carbon monoxide poisoning. Poisoning due to high levels of carbon monoxide can cause unconsciousness or severe damage to brain tissue and the nervous system, leading to death. Chronic growth disorders and chronic respiratory diseases (pneumonia, bronchitis, asthma) appear in people that are continuously exposed to carbon monoxide. 

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

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C403 MiCS-4514 Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Sensor

The MiCS-4514 sensor is a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) sensor manufactured by SGX Sensortech that can measure NO2.

 

 

MiCS-4514 Nitrogen Dioxide Gas Sensor [Arduino Sensors for Everyone]

The MiCS-4514 sensor is a Dual Sensor in One SMD Package that detects NO2 and CO and has a short lead time. It is suitable for air quality monitoring, gas leak detection, and pollution detection.

Nitrogen monoxide is slowly oxidized in the air and becomes nitrogen dioxide, which is a problem when inhaled.

Nitrogen dioxide can cause acute and chronic damage, especially in the lungs. 

Chronic Damage: When exposed to high concentrations of 10 to 40 ppm, chronic bronchitis occurs in the mucous membranes of the eyes and nose, and pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary edema occur during long-term inhalation. Nitrogen dioxide introduced into the body through breathing can reach deep into the alveoli, and within a matter of hours, degrade the oxygen transport capability of hemoglobin and cause pulmonary edema and inflammation.

 

 

 

 

 

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C404 MiCS-6814 Ammonia (NH3) sensor

The Grove Multichannel Gas sensor module is a multichannel gas sensor equipped with the Amphenol SGX Sensortech MOS MiCS-6814 sensor. Three gas sensors (NH3, CO, and NO2) are included in one chip, so it can measure three harmful gases at the same time. It is a sensor that can be used when you want to detect multiple gases.

 

 

MiCS-6814 Ammonia Gas Sensor [Arduino Sensors for Everyone]

 

 

Prevent the poisonous transformation of ammonia (NH3), which becomes ultrafine dust when contaminated with pollutants.

Exposure to ammonia's odor can build up mental stress and cause irritation, hysteria, and insomnia. In addition, symptoms such as increased blood pressure, abnormalities in the reproductive system due to changes in hormone secretion, loss of appetite and smell, headaches, vomiting, and pain in the eyes or the throat can appear. Naturally occurring ammonia is low concentration, so it does not have a harmful effect on the body.

However, as the concentration increases, it irritates the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes. When it enters the eyes, they can become bloodshot and causes cataracts, glaucoma, and burns. Irritations, burns, tears, pain, frostbite, conjunctivitis, corneal irritation can occur, and tissue may be destroyed and cause blindness. When inhaled, it irritates the nasal mucous membrane, and symptoms of respiratory irritation, burns, chest irritation, chest pain, cough, difficulty breathing, sore throat, cyanosis, pulmonary edema, respiratory arrest, headache, nausea, and vomiting appear.

 

 

 

 

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C405 DGS-SO2 Sulfur dioxide (SO2) Arduino sensor

SPEC's DGS-SO2 (968-038) sensor can measure sulfur dioxide concentration. SPEC provides sensors, sensor modules, and sensor development kits. It is difficult to use only sensors, so sensor modules or sensor development kits should be used.

DGS-SO2 Sulfur dioxide sensor [Arduino Sensors for Everyone]

 

 

Sulfur dioxide enters the respiratory tract and is mostly absorbed into the mucous membrane of the upper airway (the bronchial tubes in the nose). The higher the concentration, the more gas is absorbed by the mucous membrane, resulting in greater damage. If sulfur dioxide is absorbed by the mucous membrane and reacts with mucus, it can form sulfuric acid and cause inflammation, which can cause secondary infection by germs and viruses.


Acute damage: Exposure to sulfur dioxide can causes nasal irritation, physiological disorders, pressure, airway resistance, nasal congestion, perspiration, cough, chest pain, throat pain, sneezing, phlegm, and difficulty breathing. It is especially dangerous for patients with respiratory diseases, children, and the elderly.

Chronic damage: If acute damage occurs repeatedly, it turns into chronic damage. Pneumonia, bronchitis, asthma, emphysema, and pulmonary diseases can occur

 

 

 

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Purchasing a book

[Arduino Sensors for Everyone] The book is available for purchase on Google Book and Apple Books.

In this book, you will learn how to use the PMS7003, GP2Y1010AU0F, PPD42NS, SDS011 Fine Dust Sensor, DHT22 temperature/humidity sensor, MH-Z19B carbon dioxide sensor, ZE08-CH2O formaldehyde sensor, CCS811 total volatile organic compound (TVOC) sensor , GDK101 radiation (gamma ray) sensor, MQ-131 ozone (O3) sensor, MQ-7 carbon monoxide sensor, MICS-4514 nitrogen dioxide sensor, MICS-6814 ammonia sensor, DGS-SO2 sulfur dioxide (SO2) sensor, BME280 atmospheric pressure sensor, GUVA-S12SD ultraviolet (UV) sensor, MD0550 airflow sensor, and QS-FS01 wind speed sensor.

 

[Google play book]

Arduino Sensors for Everyone, 저자: Ronnie Kim - Google Play 도서